Panurgus - Belgique

author(s) : Michez D.

Panurgus Panzer 1806

Panurgus banksianus (Kirby 1802)
Common Name(s): French – Panurge de Banks ; English – Large Shaggy Bee ; Dutch - Grote Roetbij ; German - Grosse Zottelbiene.

Taxonomic Source(s):
- Amiet F., Herrmann M., Müller A. & Neumeyer R. 2010. Fauna Helvetica 26: Apidae 6: Andrena, Melitturga, Panurginus, Panurgus. Centre Suisse de Cartographie de la Faune & Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, Neuchâtel, 316 p.
- Patiny S. 2001. Monographie des Panurginae de l'ancien monde (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Andrenidae). FuSaGx. Ph-D thesis.

Assessment Information:
- Red List Category & Criteria: LC ; Year Published: 2019 ; Date Assessed: 2018-06-26 ;
- Assessor(s): Maxime Drossart, Pieter Vanormelingen, Denis Michez, Pierre Rasmont, Nicolas Vereecken, Ella Zambra
- Reviewer(s):?
- Justification: listed as Least Concern because it shows a recent expansion. However it is still a very rare species, populations seem restricted to Brussels (more scattered around it)
- Facilitator/Compiler(s): Maxime Drossart & Denis Michez
- Previously published Red List assessments: 2012 – Least Concern (LC) (Europe) in Michez & Nieto (2013)

Geographic Range: Continental scale: very widespread, from the United Kingdom to Bulgaria. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is 4,152,227 km² and the area of occupancy (AOO) is 2,072 km². National scale: widespread in the sandy natural regions of Belgium as well as in the natural regions of Ardenne and Gaume.

Population: Continentals scale: very widespread with a stable population. National scale: large and stable / increasing populations. Rasmont et al. (1993) qualified the species as stable. Current population trend: Stable.

Habitat and Ecology: Flying period: from early May to late August and sometime early September (Peeters et al. 2012). Habitat: nutrient-poor meadows, heaths, roadsides on sandy or loess soils, acidic grasslands, coastal dunes and landslips, rarely on calcareous soils and absent from clay soils (Perkins 1923, Peeters et al. 2012, Else & Edwards 2018). Visited flowers: oligolectic on yellow Asteraceae (Perkins 1919, Peeters et al. 2012, Else & Edwards 2018) Nesting habits: in extensive aggregations in firm sandy soil. Parasites: Nomada similis (e.g. Westrich 1989), Nomada fabriciana (e.g. Gardner 1901), Sphocodes sp. (O’Toole pers. obs.), Miltogramma punctata (e.g. Gardner 1901).

Threats: This species is threatened by the elimination of flowers in edges, the intensive use of pesticides and the exploitation of heathland for commercial forestry, mineral extraction and infrastructure development.

Conservation Actions: This species is included in the National Red Lists or Red Data Books of the following two European countries: Norway (Endangered; Kålås et al. 2010); Sweden (Vulnerable; Gärdenfors 2010) ; the species is protected in Wallonia. No direct conservation measures are currently needed for this species.
Parnugus calcaratus (Scopoli 1763)
Common Name(s): French – Panurge calcaire; English – Small Shaggy Bee; Dutch - Kleine Roetbij; German - Stumpfzähnige Zottelbiene.

Taxonomic Source(s):
- Amiet F., Herrmann M., Müller A. & Neumeyer R. 2010. Fauna Helvetica 26: Apidae 6: Andrena, Melitturga, Panurginus, Panurgus. Centre Suisse de Cartographie de la Faune & Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, Neuchâtel, 316 p.
- Patiny S. 2001. Monographie des Panurginae de l'ancien monde (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Andrenidae). FuSaGx. Ph-D thesis.

Assessment Information:
- Red List Category & Criteria: LC ; Year Published: 2019 ; Date Assessed: 2018-06-26
- Assessor(s): Maxime Drossart, Pieter Vanormelingen, Denis Michez, Pierre Rasmont, Nicolas Vereecken, Ella Zambra
- Reviewer(s):?
- Justification: listed as Least Concern because it shows a recent expansion. However it is still a very rare species, populations seem restricted to Brussels (more scattered around it)
- Facilitator/Compiler(s): Maxime Drossart & Denis Michez
- Previously published Red List assessments: 2012 – Least Concern (LC) (Europe) in Michez & Nieto (2013).

Geographic Range: Continental scale: widely distributed through Europe from 60°N to south Spain and from east Spain to the eastern Palearctic. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is 8,519,466 km² and the area of occupancy (AOO) is 2,788 km². National scale: everywhere in Belgium but seems less abundant in the loamy natural regions.

Population: Large and stable / increasing populations in Europe and Belgium. Rasmont et al. (1993) qualified the species as very highly significantly decreasing in Belgium.

Habitat and Ecology: Flying period: from early June to early September (Peeters et al. 2012). Habitat: on sandy or loess soils and in the following habitats: nutrient-poor grasslands, herbaceous heaths and roadsides (Peeters et al. 2012). Visited flowers: oligolectic on yellow flowered Asteraceae (Perkins 1923, Peeters et al. 2012, Else & Edwards 2018). Nesting habits: communal species that nests in aggregations in sandy soils (Else & Edwards 2018). Parasites: Nomada fuscicornis (e.g. Richards 1979, Stöckhert 1933).

Threats: The exploitation of heathland for commercial forestry, mineral extraction and infrastructure development pose threats to the species in parts of its range.

Conservation Actions: This species is included in the National Red Lists or Red Data Books of the following three European countries: Switzerland (Vulnerable; Amiet 1994); Norway (Near Threatened; Kålås et al. 2010); Sweden (Near Threatened; Gärdenfors 2010). The species is legally protected in Wallonia. No direct conservation measures are currently needed for this species.

Research Needed: Additional studies are needed into the taxonomy, abundance, and general ecology of this species.
Parnugus dentipes (Latreille 1811)
Common Name(s): French – Panurge pattes-dentées; German - Spitzzähnige Zottelbiene.

Taxonomic Source(s):
- Amiet F., Herrmann M., Müller A. & Neumeyer R. 2010. Fauna Helvetica 26: Apidae 6: Andrena, Melitturga, Panurginus, Panurgus. Centre Suisse de Cartographie de la Faune & Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, Neuchâtel, 316 p.
- Patiny S. 2001. Monographie des Panurginae de l'ancien monde (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Andrenidae). FuSaGx. Ph-D thesis.

Assessment Information:
- Red List Category & Criteria: LC ; Year Published: 2019 ; Date Assessed: 2018-06-26
- Assessor(s): Maxime Drossart, Pieter Vanormelingen, Denis Michez, Pierre Rasmont, Nicolas Vereecken, Ella Zambra
- Reviewer(s):?
- Justification: listed as Least Concern because it shows a recent expansion. However it is still a very rare species, populations seem restricted to Brussels (more scattered around it)
- Facilitator/Compiler(s): Maxime Drossart & Denis Michez
- Previously published Red List assessments: 2012 – Least Concern (LC) (Europe) in Michez & Nieto (2013).

Geographic Range: Continental scale: widespread from Belgium to south Spain. The extent of occurrence (EOO) is 1,656,951 km² and the area of occupancy (AOO) is 1,356 km². National scale: the species can be found around the towns of Mouscron, Couvin and south from Dinant.

Population: Continental scale - abundant and stable population. National scale - large and stable / increasing populations. Rasmont et al. (1993) qualified the species as stable. Current population trend: Stable

Habitat and Ecology: This species prefers crops and road margins, and grasslands where they exist, females forage on Asteraceae (Michez & Nieto 2013).

Threats: There are no major threats affecting this species.

Conservation Actions: This species is included in the National Red Lists or Red Data Books of the following two European countries: Switzerland (Vulnerable; Amiet 1994); Germany (Near Threatened; Westrich et al. 2008) ; the species is legally protected in Wallonia. No direct conservation measures are currently needed for this species.

References

Patiny S. 2001. Monographie des Panurginae de l'ancien monde (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Andrenidae). FuSaGx. Ph-D thesis.